Hello there, welcome!

My name is Charles but everyone calls me Charlie. I am a postdoctoral researcher in the Computer Science department at Aalto University, working at the intersection of natural language processing and computing education. I am developping methods and frameworks for aligning language models with pedagogical objectives, with applications in automated programming feedback generation and evaluation, and simulated learners. I focus particularly on lightweight, open models that can be safely deployed in educational contexts.

My PhD dissertation laid the groundwork for this.

News

29 May 2026
2 papers accepted at CSEDM Workshop
Our papers "Artificial Programming Students as Tool Calling Agents" (first author) and "Small Language Models for Generating Code Comments" have been accepted.
30 Apr 2026
Paper accepted at EDM 2026
Our paper "Teaching Language Models How to Code Like Learners" (first author) has been accepted. Update: Slides are available.
20 Feb 2026
PhD defended
I successfully defended my PhD!
15 Sep 2025
Code In Place presentation page
We created a presentation page for our work on aligning small language models for programming feedback.
15 Sep 2025
2 papers accepted at SIGCSE TS 2026
Our papers "Aligning Small Language Models for Programming Feedback" (first author, from my Stanford visit) and "Fine-Tuning Open-Source Models as a Viable Alternative to Proprietary LLMs" (with UNSW) have been accepted.
27 May 2025
Paper accepted at CSEDM 2025
Our paper "Reinforcement Learning for Programming Feedback: Aligning Small Language Models Without Human Preferences" (first author) has been accepted.
24 May 2025
Paper accepted at BEA 2025
Our paper "Direct Repair Optimization: Training Small Language Models for Educational Program Repair Improves Feedback Abilities" (first author) has been accepted.
2 May 2025
Talk at Berkeley's ACE Lab
I gave a talk on feedback generation with small language models.
1 Apr 2025
Research visit at Piech Lab, Stanford
I started a research visit at the Piech Lab, through June 2025.